2012 GUIDELINES MANUAL
CHAPTER TWO - OFFENSE CONDUCT
PART M - OFFENSES INVOLVING NATIONAL DEFENSE AND WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION
3. ESPIONAGE AND RELATED OFFENSES
§2M3.9. Disclosure of Information Identifying a Covert Agent
(a) Base Offense Level:
(1) 30, if the information was disclosed by a person with, or who had authorized access to classified information identifying a covert agent; or
(2) 25, if the information was disclosed by a person with authorized access only to other classified information.
Commentary
Statutory Provision: 50 U.S.C. § 421.
Application Notes:
1. See Commentary to §2M3.1.
2. This guideline applies only to violations of 50 U.S.C. § 421 by persons who have or previously had authorized access to classified information. This guideline does not apply to violations of 50 U.S.C. § 421 by defendants, including journalists, who disclosed such information without having or having had authorized access to classified information. Violations of 50 U.S.C. § 421 not covered by this guideline may vary in the degree of harm they inflict, and the court should impose a sentence that reflects such harm. See §2X5.1 (Other Offenses).
3. A term of imprisonment imposed for a conviction under 50 U.S.C. § 421 shall be imposed consecutively to any other term of imprisonment. See 50 U.S.C. § 421(d).
Background: The alternative base offense levels reflect a statutory distinction by providing a greater base offense level for a violation of 50 U.S.C. § 421 by an official who has or had authorized access to classified information identifying a covert agent than for a violation by an official with authorized access only to other classified information. This guideline does not apply to violations of 50 U.S.C. § 421 by defendants who disclosed such information without having, or having had, authorized access to classified information.
Historical Note: Effective November 1, 1987. Amended effective November 1, 2001 (see Appendix C, amendment 636); November 1, 2010 (see Appendix C, amendment 746).